Note
It is unclear whether the stitches are missing or not visible on the reverse. According to Bazzini (BAZZINI 2018, p. 371), perhaps as early as 1552, Duke Ottavio had these parpagliole minted in his son's name, featuring the head of Alessandro Farnese as a child. The issuance of these parpagliole continued throughout Ottavio's reign. With his death in 1586 and the arrival of Alessandro Farnese, the beardless head was replaced by a more mature image of the duke, with beard and cuirass. Using the same types, the "two-headed parpaiolle of Parma" were also minted by Ranuccio I (1592-1622) and continued until the time of Odoardo Farnese (1622-1646).
Period
Group
Authority
Parma and Piacenza: duchy
Person
Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma, 1586-1591
Reign
Dating
1552-1586?
Mint
Parma
Denomination
Parpagliola
Metal
billon
Technique
struck
